Even though some radar systems have separate transmit and receive antennas, they would still be categorized as monostatic or pseudo-monostatic if the angle subtended between the transmitter, target, and receiver (the bistatic rise) is close to zero. For electrical isolation, some very long-range HF radar systems, for instance, might have a transmitter and receiver separated by a few tens of kilometres. However, because the expected target range is in the 1000–3500 kilometres field, these systems are not regarded as genuinely bistatic and are instead referred to as pseudo-monostatic.
