GMDSS Testing Onboard Ships

GMDSS Testing Onboard: The GMDSS(Global Maritime Distress And Safety System) system was developed to enhance maritime distress and safety radio communications and procedures.

The most important feature of GMDSS equipment is that it vastly reduces the likelihood of ships going missing without a trace, allowing SAR operations to be launched quickly and directed to the exact location of a maritime disaster.

The days of professional radio officers operating radio equipment on ships are long gone. Holding GMDSS installation, any deck officer with a General Operator Certificate (GOC) and a license can use the GMDSS equipment and make radio conversations when necessary.

Mariners must understand the purpose of GMDSS equipment and perform the necessary maintenance on board the vessel to function correctly and effectively in an emergency.

Every navigating officer responsible for it should regularly conduct weekly and monthly tests on all GMDSS equipment without failure. We must know that it is our only best friend in an emergency at sea.

GMDSS Testing Onboard Ships

The nine functional GMDSS standards must be met by ships at sea. It’s as follows:

• Distress signaling from ship to shore
• Distress signaling from the shore to the ship
• Distress signaling from ship to ship
• Coordination of SAR
• Communication of On-scene
• Emergency location signals are sent and received.
• Receipt of MSI and Transmission
• Radio communications in general
• Communication between bridges

This can be ensured by performing frequent tests on the GMDSS equipment.

GMDSS Equipment Tests daily

The proper operation of the Digital Selective Calling (DSC) facilities must be tested at least once per day using the equipment’s internal test facility, without radiation of signals. The daily test examines the internal connection, output power transmission, and display. Depending on the manufacturer, the method may differ from one piece of equipment to another.

Equipment Weekly Tests

When within the communication range of a shore station equipped with DSC equipment, it is important to test the correct implementation of the DSC facilities at least once a week by attempting to make a test call on one of the six distress and safety frequencies.

Equipment Monthly Tests

EPIRB:

The EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon) should be tested using the self-test function instead of the satellite system. During the self-test, no emergency signal is sent. The battery voltage, output power, and frequency are examined during the self-test. Physical damage to the EPIRB should also be checked. The battery units and the hydrostatic release unit’s expiration dates should be checked. Also, double-check that the safety clip is securely fastened.

SART:

The Search and Rescue Transponder, or SART, also has a self-test system for ensuring the beacon’s operational function. The ship’s X band radar is used to test the SART. The test should be conducted in open waters to avoid interference with the radar display.

1. Take the SART out of its mounting bracket.

2. One person should hold the SART in front of the radar scanner. From the bridge wings, this might be done. The SART should then be set to TEST mode for a short time by rotating it to the left to the TESTPREVUE position.

The Importance of GMDSS Training for Mariners

• Understanding GMDSS Protocols: Proper training ensures mariners are well-versed in GMDSS protocols, allowing for swift and accurate distress communications in emergencies.
• Operational Proficiency: Training provides hands-on experience with GMDSS equipment, ensuring mariners can operate the systems efficiently under pressure.
• Regulatory Compliance: Mariners must comply with international regulations, and GMDSS training is a requirement for certification and safe operation.
• Emergency Preparedness: Well-trained personnel can quickly assess situations, use the correct equipment, and communicate effectively, minimizing risks during maritime incidents.
• Continuous Learning: GMDSS training includes updates on new technologies and procedures, keeping mariners informed and prepared for evolving maritime communication challenges.

Routine Maintenance and Checks for GMDSS Equipment

• Daily System Checks: Regular checks of GMDSS equipment, such as DSC facilities, ensure systems are operational and fault-free.
• Weekly Test Calls: Conducting test calls to shore stations verifies that the equipment can send and receive distress signals, maintaining the integrity of the communication link.
• Monthly Equipment Inspections: Monthly tests of EPIRBs and SARTs, including physical inspections, ensure the devices are in working order and ready for emergencies.
• Battery and Power Checks: Regular checks of battery voltage and power output prevent unexpected failures, ensuring the equipment functions during critical moments.
• Updating Software and Firmware: Keeping software and firmware up-to-date enhances the performance and security of GMDSS equipment, adapting to new standards and threats.

Common Challenges in GMDSS Equipment Testing

• Environmental Factors: Harsh maritime environments can impact the functionality and durability of GMDSS equipment, making regular testing essential.
• Technical Malfunctions: Equipment failures, such as signal loss or power issues, can occur, requiring prompt identification and resolution through testing.
• Human Error: Inadequate training or procedural misunderstandings can lead to improper equipment usage, highlighting the need for thorough and ongoing training.
• Interference Issues: Electromagnetic interference from other ship systems can disrupt GMDSS communications, necessitating careful testing and monitoring.
• Equipment Compatibility: Differences in equipment standards and models can pose challenges in ensuring device compatibility and proper communication.

Understanding the Role of GMDSS in SAR Operations

• Distress Alerting: GMDSS provides automated distress alerting, enabling immediate communication of emergencies to nearby vessels and rescue coordination centers.
• Coordination and Response: The system facilitates coordinated search and rescue (SAR) operations, efficiently deploying resources and assistance.
• Global Reach: GMDSS ensures global coverage, making it possible for vessels in remote areas to communicate with SAR services and receive timely aid.
• Enhanced Communication: On-scene communication capabilities allow real-time updates and coordination between ships, aircraft, and rescue teams.
• Life-Saving Potential: By enabling rapid response and clear communication, GMDSS plays a crucial role in saving lives during maritime disasters.

Advancements in GMDSS Technology and Future Trends

• Integration with Digital Platforms: The integration of GMDSS with digital platforms and satellite communication systems enhances real-time data sharing and situational awareness.
• Improved User Interfaces: Modern GMDSS equipment features user-friendly interfaces, making it easier for mariners to operate the systems under stress.
• Enhanced Signal Reliability: Technology advancements have improved signal reliability and coverage, ensuring consistent communication even in challenging conditions.
• Automated Functions: Automation in GMDSS systems reduces the reliance on manual operation, minimizing human error and improving response times.
• Future Innovations: New technologies like AI and ML have the potential to significantly improve GMDSS by providing better decision-making tools for SAR operations and predictive analytics.

For ship surveys and testing of equipment, contact us at www.orbitshub.com